Wrench.



' 1.' P. NlfKoNow.

WRENCH. Arrucmon. mw nuLv s. ma.

Patented May 6,1919.L

iNVENhToR 20h 7? /Zf'tamgur JOH'N P. NIKONOW, 0F BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 6, 1919.

Application med my 9;'1918. serial No. 244,056.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN P. NIKoNow, a Russian citizen, and resident of the city of Baltimore and State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Im rovement in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the wrenches and has for its object to provide a simple and effective device of this character, having adjustable jaws and made of steel stampings. A further object of the invention is to provide a wrench of a thin type, especially adapted to be used in places, where access to the work is difiicult.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is an elevation of my wrench, Fig. 2- longitudinal section throu h A-B, Fig. 3 section, showing metho erating screw, Fig'. 4w'enlarged end view partly in section, showing a modification -of my invention. Figs. 5 and 7 show separately stampngs 1 and 2, and Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section of stamping 2. Fig. 8 is an enlarged and exaggerated view of the operating parts of my wrench, showing main principles of my invention.

The main body of my wrench consists of two sheet metal stampings 1 and 2, welded or riveted together. These stampings form on the ends a stationary jaw 3 and a handle 4. In the middle a space 5 is formed for the movable jaw 6, also space 7 for the adjusting screw 8. The movable jaw 6 has teeth or threads 9 formed on its edge, fitting into the threads of the screw 8. The screw 8 has a thumb handle 10 to turn it by hand, and turning of this screw moves the jaw 6 in or out. A movable jaw extension is partly cut awa to rovide a clearance for the thumb han le. n order to prevent a longitudinal movement of the screw itself, it has a groove or a recess 11, and the edges of the stampings 1 and 2 are bent into this recess, as is shown on Fig. 3. In order to guide the movable jaw 6, especially when it is moved out, it has a groove 12, into which fits a depression or projection in the stamping 1. This groove ends at a proper distance so as to prevent the excessive extending ofthe movable jaw. The extension of the movable jaw acts as a guide, when the jaw is moved out, also as a lever, helping to wedge the movable jaw against'the screw, when the wrench is in operation. modification of this arof holding an opa pin 13, driven into the movable jaw in a sultable place, and grooves 14 in the stampings 1 and 2, which serve as guides for the pm. As an additional guide, the edge 15 of 60 the movable jaw may be enlarged so as to fit partly in the space 7 for the screw.

The adjusting screw 8 extends through the full length of the space 7, resting with its threads against the walls of this space, no other bearings being necessary to support this screw 8. The threaded portion of the screw 8 is longer, than the notched portion of the jaw 6, so that full length of the movable jaw 6, which is inside of the space 5, is engaged with the screw. The engaged portion varies in length, depending upon the position of themovable aw 6.

The working pressure between the jaws tends to press the outward end of the movable j aw against the screw 8, which istightly wedged between the jaw 6 and the walls of the space 7. As it may be seen from the Fig. 8, this is caused by the shank 13 of the jaw 6 fulcruming on the inside outward end of the space 5, and the outward end of the notched portion of the jaw 6 fulcrumin upon the screw 8, as shown by arrows 14 an 15. The pressure thus exerted on the screw 8 is transmitted directly against the walls 7 (arrow 16), so that screw 8 is subjected only to the compressive strain and no bending. The point of the maximum pressure varies with the position of the movable jaw 6.

Such distribution of forces allows for a very light constructionof the screw 8 and it may be made very thin with ordinary sharp threads.

Fig. 8 is exaggerated for the pur ose of clearness, and 1t is not supposed, t at the jaw 6 may in any point become so widely separated Ifrom the screw 8.

Important advantages of my wrench are, that it can be cheaply manufactured in quantities, is light, thin, and convenient lfor operation.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a wrench, the combination with a Hat body member composed of two fiat pieces, fastened side by sidehaving near its outer end a wide portion provided with a. transverse approximately cylindrical screw receiving passage extending across said Wide portion, the outer end of said wide portion being cut away to form a fixed jaw, said wide portion also being provided with a rangement is shown on Fig. 4, consisting of transverse shank receivlng passage of approximately rectangular communicating with said screw receiving passage and extending tosaid Yfixed--]avv';-a

screw receiving passage,-and a movable mem-k ber having a movable jaw oppositersaidrxed jaw, and a shank disposed insaid' shank r`'- ceiving. plassageythelower edge of saidlshank engagea more orless longer portion of said x wscxrew, depending-upon the position of said mpvable member :andgfnlcrumzupon the ex` l treme outerend of said screw,v ,the. upperl edge Esaid shank engaging andl fulcrurning upon the upperpart ofsaid shank receiving portion, so that when ysaid 4jaws are subjected ,to theJ l working pressure, said 23 shank :will fulcrum upon said portion and force saidthread-teeth into a jrmiengage# Ine-ntwith. said outer end oftliescrew )ressing at the same time the threads o said screwagainst the inside wallsof s agidzscrew 23 receivingpassage directlyopposite the point of pressure.

.,2.. In a wrench, the combination with a Hatbody member having near its outer end y a..widefportionsprovided with-a transverse approximately cylindrical screw receiving passage extending across said wide portion, the youter end ofsaid wide portion being -cut Iaway .to form a yfixed jaw approximately parallel and near tosaidl axis,- said wide portion also' being rprovided with atransverse.

shank freceivingwpassage of approximately rectangular cross section and'cemmunic'ating wlth said screw receiving passage and extending to said-fixed jaw; a screw extending from end to end of said screw receiving passage, threads of said screw resting against the inside walls of said screw receiving passage, ameans to prevent said screwfrombeing movedaxiallyand a means to turn said screw by hand, and a movable member having a movable jaw opposite said fixed jaw, and a shank disposed in said shank receiving passage, the lower edge of said shank bef. ing provided .with thread-.teeth adaptedtoengage yand fulcrum upon the extreme outer end o f said screw, the upper edgelofy said shank engaging and fulcruming upper .partof said shankreceiving portion most remote from saidv extreme outer end, so

that when' said jaws are subjected to the working pressure,I said shank willmrfulcrum upon said remote portion and force said thread-teeth into i'irm engagement with said outer end ofthe screw, pressing at the same time the threads of said screw Vagainst the walls of said screw receiving passage directly opposite the point of pressure, said upon 'they point of pressure being-,more or less near the edge of said screw receiving passage depending upon the position of said movable member. Ik f In testimony whereof yI have hereunto subfv scribed my namethis 6th day of J uly,-1918.

, JOHN P. NiKoNow.l

,.Witn'essz MARTIN Gross, Jr,

u of: "lsliis'patentl may .beobtained-forve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents.

f Wafshingtomn C. 

